Officec



(No Model.)

G. SBRRAMOGLIA.

AIR FQRGING APPARATUS. No. 337,447. Patented-Mar. 9, 1886.

kmkwm WW W) UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

GIUSEPPE SERRAMOGLIA, OF TURIN, ITALY.

AlR-FORCING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,447, dated March 9, 1886.

Application filed September 23, 1885. Serial No. 177,936. No model.)

To dZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GIUsEPPE SERRAMOG- LIA, a citizen of the Kingdom of Italy, residing at Turin, in Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Forcing Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in air-forcing apparatus; and it consists in the construction and arrangement and combination of parts, substantially as hereinafter described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In apparatus of the class to which my invention belongs, and especially those known as blowers, ventilators, suction-fans, &c., a rotary motion is imparted to the air by means of blades rotating with or around a shaft, said blades drawing the air into the casing in which they operate and propel the same out of said casing and to the point of use. In this operation, however, a large proportion of the power applied is lost by reason of resistance to be overcome in starting the same and resistances due to counter-currents formed within the apparatus.

The object of this invention is to obviate these difficulties by means heretofore not known, and to thereby effect a greater saving in power, and at the same time produce an apparatus of simple construction.

In Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings I have illustrated my improved air-forcing apparatus by a vertical section; and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof immediately above the cross-head for the pistons. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through one of the valve-chests and the head of the piston-cylinder to which it is connected.

In these drawings, A indicates a cylinder of sheet or other metal, in which are arranged four solid blocks or pistons, G O C O, of wood or other materia', having the form of a sector in cross-section, said blocks being immersed in a bath of a dense liquid, such as tar or other similar liquid or semi-liquid.

head of the piston-casings, in which chests are arranged two valves-namely, an air-inlet valve, d, opening inwardly, and an air-out1et valve, (1, opening upwardly within the valvechest. The valve-chests D D 850., communicate by suitable ports formed in the head of the piston-casings with the interior of the latter, and the air-outlet ports of the respective valve chests are connected by flexible tubes pp p p" with an annular duct. 6, that discharges into a pipe, E, through which and proper connections the air is forced to its destination or point of use.

To prevent the circulation of the air around the duct, I apply partition-walls e e, the former on one side of the discharge-tube E and the other adjacent to the point where the air is discharged into duct 6 from valve-chest D through its pipe 19 as shown in Fig. 2.

From the heads of the piston-casings projects a stem, 0, that is pivoted to the outer end of a four-armed cross-head, O, and at the point of junction of said arms 0 of cross-head O is formed a bearing, through which passes an operating-rod, M, the foot of which is connected by a universal joint to a suitable step, It, while its upper end is pivoted to the outer end of a crank-arm, N, keyed to the foot of a driving-shaft, P. The latter shaft rotates in a tubular bearing secured to or formed on the head a of cylinder A, and carries at its upper end a cone-pinion, F, meshing with a like pinion, F, keyed to a counter-shaft, S, that carries the driving-pulley S, said counter-shaft rotating in bearings formed in a standard, 8, also secured to the head a of cylinder A.

It is obvious that when shaft]? is rotated by power applied to counter-shaft S,through pulley S from any suitable prime motor, the operating rod or link M will in its rotation describe a geometrical figure having the form of an inverted cone, and cause the cross-head to move so that its arms will be successively elevated and depressed, or inversely, thereby successively lifting and lowering or lowering and lifting the piston-casings B B B 13*. Each time a plunger is elevated a partial vacuum is formed within it, and the inlet-valve in its valve'chest opens, causing the air within the cylinder (to which the outer air has free access through ports a: at its upper end) to fill the space with in the plunger between the level of the liquid and its head. On the other hand,

at each depression of a plunger the air therein is compressed, closing the inlet-valve d and forcing the outlet-valve d upward, allowing the air to flow through the connecting-pipe into duct e, and thence to dischargepipe E.

The degree to which the air is compressed may be varied by more or less loading the discharge-valves (1 when said air is not to be compressed in a closed receiver.

In air-forcing apparatus of the class referred to, in which a multiplicity of airpumps are employed in a common tank or vessel containing a sealing-liquid, the pistons and pistoncasings, and generally the containing tank or vessel, also, have been made of cylindrical form.

It is obvious that air-pumps of cylindrical form will occupy a greater space than if the multiple pumps are constructed so that their joint outer surfaces will form a circle, which is accomplished by giving them the form of a sector. Consequently four air-pumps may be arranged within a cylindrical tank in which but three such pumps of cylindrical form could be arranged, thus providing a very compact apparatus and one of much greater capacity. Ihe amount of sealing-liquid required is also much less, and by using a dense sealing-liquid, such as described, the danger of air be ing forced through theliquid instead of being forced through the proper discharge-valves is avoided. It will be readily seen that by this construction and arrangement the size of the containing-vessel can be materially reduced, while the interior area of the piston-cylinders is the same, were they made cylindrical, thus obtaining the same amount of working-power. The described result may also be attained by making the pistons and their cylinders or plungers square in cross'section and arranging the same within a correspondingly'shaped casing or vessel, as will be readily understood.

Instead of tar, any other semi-liquid or other suitable liquid may be used as a seal for the piston-casings, and the stationary pistons D D &c., may be made of sheet metal and hollow and secured airtight to the bottom of ms ing A.

Having thus described the nature of my invention, what I claim is 1. In an air-forcing apparatus, the combination, with a stationary vessel'or casing, of a piston-cylinder open at one end contained and adapted to be reciprocated within said stationary casing and dipping into a liquid or a semi-liquid in the same, a valve-chamber connected with said open-ended cylinder provided with an air-inlet port and a valve for the same opening inwardly and an air-outlet port having an upwardly-opening valve, the latter dividing the valve-chamber into two compartments, and a piston projecting from the interior of the stationary casing or vessel and into the piston-cylinder, substantially"as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an air-forcing apparatus, the combination, with a stationary vessel or casing, a series of pistons secured to and projecting from the bottom of said casing, and astationary air-discharge duct, of a series of pistoncasings fitted to and reciprocating on the stationary pistons, a liquid seal for sealing the open end of said casings, a valve-chest secured to and reciprocating with each of said casings and provided with inlet and outlet ports, and flexible connections for connecting the outlet-ports of the valve-ehests with the said stationary air-discharge duct, said parts being constructed and operated substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In an air-forcing apparatus, the combination, with a stationary vessel or casing provided at its upper end with a single annular air-discharge duct, and a series of pistons arranged in a circle secured to and projecting from the bottom of said casing, of a series of piston-casings fitted to and reciprocating on the stationary pistons, a valvechest secured to and reciprocating with each of the piston-casings and provided with inlet and outlet ports, and flexible connections for connecting the outlet-ports of the valve-chests with the said stationary air-discharge duct, said parts being constructed and operated substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I a'liix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GIUSEPPE SERRAMOGLIA.

Witnesses:

ENRIoo ENGEL, MOTTERAN GIOVANNI. 

